Ifsttar PhD subject

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Title : Study of the mechanisms of biodeterioration of cementitious materials in sewer networks

Main host Laboratory - Referent Advisor   -

Director of the main host Laboratory   -

PhD Speciality Génie civil, microbiologie

Axis of the performance contract 2 - COP2017 - More efficient and resilient infrastructure

Main location Marne-la-Vallée

Doctoral affiliation UNIVERSITE DE MARNE-LA-VALLEE

PhD school SCIENCES, INGENIERIE ET ENVIRONNEMENT (SIE)

Planned PhD supervisor CHAUSSADENT Thierry  -    -

Planned financing Contrat doctoral  - Ifsttar

Abstract

Context :
Improvements of effluent treatment processes in sewer networks and treatment plants, changes in user behavior and, in some cases, climate change, are leading to new physico-chemical and biological constraints on sewer structures and their equipment.
Many effluent treatment processes have been developed to meet the requirements of standards for water. These treatments lead to the purification of the effluents but also induce the formation of very severe environments for materials (locally highly acidic pH, presence of microorganisms, etc.). The implementation of these new effective treatments has not taken into account the durability of materials to these environments and currently this aspect needs knowledge improvements.
At present, one of the most well-known degradations is related to the presence of hydrogen sulphide and its biological oxidation by micro-organisms which leads to an acid attack, in particular cementitious materials [1-5]. The costs of repairing or even rebuilding these structures have led managers and research organizations to study the mechanisms inherent to these degradations. However, there are still many knowledge lacks and in particular on micro-organisms / environment / materials interactions related to degradation kinetics. Other aspects must also be better controlled, such as the development of accelerated laboratory tests or decision support by means of models, in order to propose recommendations and adapt current standards, particularly with regard to the choice of materials.
Thus, this thesis will focus on studying various deteriorations of cementitious materials in sewerage networks to allow a more sustainable management of heritage.
Objectives of the thesis:
- Understand the different mechanisms of deterioration of cementitious materials in contact with sewage effluents
- Understand the interactions between microorganisms and cementitious materials by comparing the mechanisms in presence and absence of H2S

Scientific and experimental aspects:
In addition to the analytical, technical and scientific resources of the laboratories of IFSTTAR and INSA, the thesis will benefit access to sewerage networks to provide in situ tests and to industrial sites including water treatment managed by SIAAP.

References :
1- Grandclerc A., Guéguen-Minerbe M., Nour I., Dangla P., Chaussadent T., Accelerated biodeterioration test for the study of cementitious materials in sewer networks: Experimental and Modeling, Key Engineering Materials, 711, 1069-1075, 2016
2 –- Peyre Lavigne, M., Bertron, A., Auer, L., Hernandez-Raquet, G., Foussard, J.-N., Escadeillas, G., Cockx, A., and Paul, E. (2015). An innovative approach to reproduce the biodeterioration of industrial cementitious products in a sewer environment. Part I: Test design. Cem. Concr. Res. 73, 246–256.
3 -Joseph A.P., Keller J., Bustamante H. and Bond P.L., Surface neutralization and H2S oxidation at early stages of sewer corrosion: Influence of temperature, relative humidity and H2S concentration, Water Research 46 (2012): 4235-45.
4 - Islander R.L., Devinny J.S., Mansfeld F., Postyn A. and Shih H., Microbial ecology of crown corrosion in sewers, Journal of Environmental Engineering 117 (1991): 761-7704
5 - Okabe S., Odagiri M., Ito, T. and Satoh H., Succession of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria in the microbial community on corroding concrete in sewer systems, Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73 (2007): 971-80.

Keywords : cementitious materials, sewer networks, materials/biofilm interaction

Main host Laboratory - Referent Advisor	-
Director of the main host Laboratory	-
PhD Speciality	Génie civil, microbiologie
Axis of the performance contract	2 - COP2017 - More efficient and resilient infrastructure
Main location	Marne-la-Vallée
Doctoral affiliation	UNIVERSITE DE MARNE-LA-VALLEE
PhD school	SCIENCES, INGENIERIE ET ENVIRONNEMENT (SIE)
Planned PhD supervisor	CHAUSSADENT Thierry - -
Planned financing	Contrat doctoral - Ifsttar
Abstract Context : Improvements of effluent treatment processes in sewer networks and treatment plants, changes in user behavior and, in some cases, climate change, are leading to new physico-chemical and biological constraints on sewer structures and their equipment. Many effluent treatment processes have been developed to meet the requirements of standards for water. These treatments lead to the purification of the effluents but also induce the formation of very severe environments for materials (locally highly acidic pH, presence of microorganisms, etc.). The implementation of these new effective treatments has not taken into account the durability of materials to these environments and currently this aspect needs knowledge improvements. At present, one of the most well-known degradations is related to the presence of hydrogen sulphide and its biological oxidation by micro-organisms which leads to an acid attack, in particular cementitious materials [1-5]. The costs of repairing or even rebuilding these structures have led managers and research organizations to study the mechanisms inherent to these degradations. However, there are still many knowledge lacks and in particular on micro-organisms / environment / materials interactions related to degradation kinetics. Other aspects must also be better controlled, such as the development of accelerated laboratory tests or decision support by means of models, in order to propose recommendations and adapt current standards, particularly with regard to the choice of materials. Thus, this thesis will focus on studying various deteriorations of cementitious materials in sewerage networks to allow a more sustainable management of heritage. Objectives of the thesis: - Understand the different mechanisms of deterioration of cementitious materials in contact with sewage effluents - Understand the interactions between microorganisms and cementitious materials by comparing the mechanisms in presence and absence of H2S Scientific and experimental aspects: In addition to the analytical, technical and scientific resources of the laboratories of IFSTTAR and INSA, the thesis will benefit access to sewerage networks to provide in situ tests and to industrial sites including water treatment managed by SIAAP. References : 1- Grandclerc A., Guéguen-Minerbe M., Nour I., Dangla P., Chaussadent T., Accelerated biodeterioration test for the study of cementitious materials in sewer networks: Experimental and Modeling, Key Engineering Materials, 711, 1069-1075, 2016 2 –- Peyre Lavigne, M., Bertron, A., Auer, L., Hernandez-Raquet, G., Foussard, J.-N., Escadeillas, G., Cockx, A., and Paul, E. (2015). An innovative approach to reproduce the biodeterioration of industrial cementitious products in a sewer environment. Part I: Test design. Cem. Concr. Res. 73, 246–256. 3 -Joseph A.P., Keller J., Bustamante H. and Bond P.L., Surface neutralization and H2S oxidation at early stages of sewer corrosion: Influence of temperature, relative humidity and H2S concentration, Water Research 46 (2012): 4235-45. 4 - Islander R.L., Devinny J.S., Mansfeld F., Postyn A. and Shih H., Microbial ecology of crown corrosion in sewers, Journal of Environmental Engineering 117 (1991): 761-7704 5 - Okabe S., Odagiri M., Ito, T. and Satoh H., Succession of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria in the microbial community on corroding concrete in sewer systems, Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73 (2007): 971-80.
Keywords :	cementitious materials, sewer networks, materials/biofilm interaction

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